8.5.4 Step 4: Rebalance [ToC] [Index]     [Skip Back] [Skip Fwd]     [Prev] [Up] [Next]

Rebalancing after deletion in a TAVL tree divides into three cases. The first of these is analogous to case 1 in unthreaded AVL deletion, the other two to case 2 (see Inserting into a TBST). The cases are distinguished, as usual, based on the balance factor of right child x of the node y at which rebalancing occurs:

321. <Step 4: Rebalance after TAVL deletion 321> =
struct tavl_node *x = y->tavl_link[1];

assert (x != NULL);
if (x->tavl_balance == -1) 
  { <Rebalance for - balance factor after TAVL deletion in left subtree 322> }
else
  { q->tavl_link[dir] = x; if (x->tavl_balance == 0)
      { <Rebalance for 0 balance factor after TAVL deletion in left subtree 323> break; }
    else /* x->tavl_balance == +1 */
      { <Rebalance for + balance factor after TAVL deletion in left subtree 324> } }

This code is included in 320.

Case 1: x has - balance factor

This case is just like case 2 in TAVL insertion. In fact, we can even reuse the code:

322. <Rebalance for - balance factor after TAVL deletion in left subtree 322> =
struct tavl_node *w;

<Rebalance for - balance factor in TAVL insertion in right subtree 312>
q->tavl_link[dir] = w;

This code is included in 321.

Case 2: x has 0 balance factor

If x has a 0 balance factor, then we perform a left rotation at y. The transformation looks like this, with subtree heights listed under their labels:

[Click here for plain-text rendering]

Subtree b is taller than subtree a, so even if h takes its minimum value of 1, then subtree b has height h == 1 and, therefore, it must contain at least one node and there is no need to do any checking for threads. The code is simple:

323. <Rebalance for 0 balance factor after TAVL deletion in left subtree 323> =
y->tavl_link[1] = x->tavl_link[0];
x->tavl_link[0] = y;
x->tavl_balance = -1;
y->tavl_balance = +1;

This code is included in 321 and 445.

Case 3: x has + balance factor

If x has a + balance factor, we perform a left rotation at y, same as for case 2, and the transformation looks like this:

[Click here for plain-text rendering]

One difference from case 2 is in the resulting balance factors. The other is that if h == 1, then subtrees a and b have height h - 1 == 0, so a and b may actually be threads. In that case, the transformation must be done this way:

[Click here for plain-text rendering]

This code handles both possibilities:

324. <Rebalance for + balance factor after TAVL deletion in left subtree 324> =
if (x->tavl_tag[0] == TAVL_CHILD)
  y->tavl_link[1] = x->tavl_link[0];
else 
  { y->tavl_tag[1] = TAVL_THREAD; x->tavl_tag[0] = TAVL_CHILD; } x->tavl_link[0] = y; y->tavl_balance = x->tavl_balance = 0;

This code is included in 321.